Unit 1
1
Identifying tenses
Exercise
1
a
is walking n had been b walked washed/ c 'd been
walking was washed d had taken o 've been e was taken
washing f '11 take p will have g 'vehad been sold h
'11 be having q sells i were having r will be sold/ j is
freshly made 's going to k '11 have made be sold
1
's been made s will have been m 're being teaching washed
t were being taught
Exercise 2 ACTIVE
Simple Continuous Present
sells is walking Past walked were
having Future will take
will be
having Present Perfect
have had have been
washing Past Perfect
had taken had been
walking
Future Perfect will have
will have made been
teaching PASSIVE
Simple Continuous Present
is made are being
washed Past was
taken were being
taught Future will
be sold Present Perfect has been
made Past Perfect had
been
washed Future Perfect will
have been sold
2
Correcting mistakes
a
•
b
Manchester United are playing
really well at the moment. ... c
I've heard you're going to have a
baby!/you're having a baby! ... d
• e When I was a little girl, I always
spent my ...
f
I've been going out with Paul ... g ... Perhaps I'll get him
... h •
i
A ... strike has been called by ... j ... and deserved
to pass ...
3
Choosing the right tense
a 've been looking/was looking b
wonder/'m wondering/
wondered/was wondering c went d
'd never been
e
was doing/did
f
got
g
did you feel
h
'sbeen
i
've visited
j
felt
k
was travelling
1
have been learning/are learning
m
're looking forward
n
is hoping/hopes
o
will that be
p
will be able
q
produces
r
've been
s
'11 get
t
've discussed
4
Active or passive?
Exercise
1
a
Volvos aren't made in Norway. b Our house was built in the 17th
century.
c
Has your bedroom been decorated d My bedroom's being decorated ... e
While ... was being built... f ... our house had been burgled. g She
won't be recognized ...
Exercise 2
a
were caught were leaving/left
b
arrived had caught
c
are emptied
d
hadn't been delivered
e
has been missing
f
don't you like love
're going to see
g
were driving were overtaken h had been snowing i arrive '11 be picked
up
5
At home on a train Exercise
1
a
don't live k have been b has travelled removed c is made
1 paid d 've lived/ m were offered
've been living n 'm discovering
e didn't want o was built f saw p 've worked/ g fell
're working/ h bought have been i had already
working
done q '11 ever sell j
we're still r will remain/
making remains
Exercise 2
a
Do they live in a caravan? b How long have they lived/been
living there?
c
Who did they buy it from? d How much did they pay for their
house? e How much were they
recently
offered for the house? f Where
and when was it built? g Are they still working on the hous< h
Will they ever sell the house?
6
have, be,or do?
a
has (A) h does (A) b did (F) i was (A) c have (F)
j is (A) d 've (A) being (A) e is/was (F) k doing (F)
has/had (F) to have (F)
f didn't (A) 1 been (A) g
done (F) 'm(F)
7 Forms of have
and have got Exercise 1
a
'... have you got/do you have a ...'
'... I'm having ...'
'... I've got/have ... to have
...' b '... have you got/do you have ...'
'... I haven't/don't...'
'...had...'
'... haven't got/don't have ... c
'...had...'
'...had...'
'... Will you have to ...' d
'Have you got/do you have ...'
'No, we haven't/don't. Have/do
you?'
'... I've had ... I've got/have
...'
'...
to have ...' e '... We've got to/have to ...'
'... haven't got/don't have ...'
'... had ... Have ...' f ...
having ... I've had ... haven't
had...
Exercise 2
a
She hasn't got...
b
I don't usually have ...
c
I haven't got/don't have ...
d
They aren't having ...
e
We didn't have ...
f
I don't have to ...
g
I didn't have to ...
Exercise 3
a
What colour eyes has she got? b What time do you usually have
breakfast?
c
How much money do you have? d What are they having a row about? e Did
you have a good time on
holiday? f How many hours a day
do you have
to work? g , What time did you
have to get up
this morning?
8
Rooms and their contents
Kitchen:
taps sink dishwasher
scales breadbin tin opener
cat flap tea towel high chair
Welsh dresser Living room:
French windows
armchair sofa rug
drinks cabinet magazine rack
ornaments Bedroom: chest
of drawers
dressing table cot duvet
wardrobe pillow ornaments
sheets rug quilt Bathroom:
shower curtain
towel rail washbasin bidet taps
scales flannel towel
9
house and home idioms
Exercise
1
a
He's got a huge appetite.
b
They have a very good relationship.
c
I could shop for a very long time.
d
The drinks are free.
e
The musical was a success.
f
The pictures made me realize fully
the horrors of the famine. g Mum
earns the money in our
family.
h Haig managed to win, although
it wasn't easy.
Exercise 2
a
When I saw her empty cat basket it
really brought home the fact I'd
never see her again. b We all got
on like a house on fire. c They eat us out of house and home. d
Apparently, it brought the house
down. e I could dance until the
cows come
home.
10
Literal and idiomatic
Exercise
1
a
out e down h back b away f off on i in c down g out
j away d off
Exercise 2
a
fell out (L) e Hold on (I)
fell out (I) hold on (L)
b put up (I) f take it off (L)
put up (L) take off (I) c
've sorted g picked it up (I)
out (L) pick him up (L)
sort it out (I) d stand up (L)
stand up (I)
11 Vowel sounds and spelling
Exercise 1
a
friend e took i thought b English f huge j shirt c cheese
g crash k chart d month h shock 1 temper
Exercise 2
lei
letter weather breakfast head /i/ sick women busy building I'r.l
tree jeans heat machine /a/ hug mother fun worry Ivl good
woman could pullover /u:/ cool roof suit canoe 1x1 camp family
accent fan /o/ log odd sausage want /a:/ horse walk daughter floor
/3:i early work search worm /a:/ party father banana garden
/a/ letter banana father machine
Exercise 3
a
Learning a foreign language is very
useful. b It's important to have
a good
dictionary.
c
English spelling isn't easy. d It's good to keep lists of vocabulary.
e Grammar doesn't have to be
boring. f Everyone wants to speak
English
fluently.
Unit 10
1
Tina's diary
Exercises
1 and 2
a
usually f rarely/ b occasionally hardly ever c used to
C) g always d frequently h sometimes e rarely/ i
will
hardly
ever j would (•)
2 Present habit Exercise 1
Id
2g 3f 4e 5h 6c 7b 8 i 9 j 10 a
Exercise 2 (Sample
answers)
a
She has three a day.
b
He's always telling people how
clever he is. c She won't eat
anything at all
unusual.
d
He doesn't play anything. e They're always buying things. f He's
always sitting at his computer,
surfing the Internet. g She's
always watching TV. h He always expects the worst to
happen. i They will eat
with their mouths
open. j He never lets you down.
3
used to
and would
Exercise 1
a
used to e used to
b
Did you use to f didn't use to
c
never used to/ g did you use to
didn't use to h Didn't you d
Did you use to use to
Exercise 2
1
a,b 2 a 3 a,b,c 4 a,b,c 5 a 6 a, b, c 7 a, b 8 a 9 a,b,c
4
Criticizing other people
Exercise
1
b
• d • e • h • i •
Exercise 2 My family
a
My dad will mend/is always
mending... b My brother will
leave/is always
leaving... c My sister will
borrow/is always
borrowing... d Uncle Tom will
smoke/is always
smoking ... e My grandpa would
chew/was always
chewing... f Our great-grandma
wouldn't turn
on/was always turning off...
5 Henry's Ј4.5 million
secret Exercise 1
al
b2 cl d3 e2 fl g2 hli3jlk211m3n2 o 3 p 3
Exercise 2
a
believe d didn't g always b to e use h inherited c
would f used
6
get, become, or be?
a
get upset h became clear b became ill i got to know c 'm
getting better got to like d to become j aren't used to
a pilot k has become a e
'11 be ready bit of a bore 'm just getting 1 'm tired dressed
m gets dark 've been ready n is becoming f 're lost
more g are getting/ widespread are going to get/ have got
divorced
7 Money Exercise 1 A+B
I
took out a loan.
I
exchanged some traveller's cheques.
I
inherited my grandfather's farm.
We
don't accept credit cards.
I
need change for a fiver.
I
earned over Ј2,000 in interest.
B
+ C
This
new coat was a bargain.
His
cheque bounced.
Inflation
went up by 2%.
The
exchange rate is good at the
moment.
My
credit card expires at the end of
July
My
piggy bank is full of 5p pieces.
Exercise 2 A lesson in thrift
at the supermarket
a check-out i wallet b bar
codes j cash c added k customers d bill 1 cut
e pay m came to f salary n saving g cheque
o change h overdrawn p receipt
8
Verb + object + preposition
a remind me so much of
b invest all our money in c insured our car against d
congratulated me on
e was compensated ... for f
models herself on g hide the truth from h held her
tightly against/to i invited 300 guests to j brainwashes
people into k inherit a penny from 1 shouted abuse
at m forgive him for n was accused ... of
9
Rhymes and limericks
Exercise
1
should
good food nude bread said leaf chief choose lose
taught court toes knows chef deaf hate weight through
knew tight height wore pour full wool brain reign
pool fool leave grieve blood mud foot put
Exercise 2 The Pelican
A
rare old bird is a pelican
His
beak can hold more than his belly
can.
He can take in his beak
Enough food for a week, And I'm
damned if I know how the hell he can!
The lady from Twickenham There
was a young lady from Twickenham
Whose
shoes were too tight to walk quick in 'em.
She came back from a walk
Looking whiter than chalk And she
took them both off and was sick in 'em!
Unit 11
1 Real or hypothetical past?
Exercise 1
a
• d • h •
Sentences
b, c, e, f, and g all express
hypotheses.
Exercise 2
a X b • c X d X e •
f X g X h • Exercise 3
a
don't, d is. g was. b didn't, e won't, h don't. c
can't, f do.
2
Present and past wishes Exercise
1
I wish you were rich. I wish I
were rich. I wish you could come. I wish I could come. I wish you
would come. I wish you had come.
Exercise 2
a
could/ e had stayed
was able to f didn't speak/ b
wasn't wouldn't speak c didn't g hadn't spent d
hadn't gone h lived
3 Expressions of regret
Exercise 1
a
I wish I'd invited him to the party.
b
You should have been watching ..,
c
If only I hadn't said that to her.
d
I wish I hadn't hit him.
e
I'd rather you didn't tell her.
f
I wish Megan didn't/wouldn't stay
out so late.
g
If only we could come ... h I should have worked harder ...
Exercise 2 (Sample
answers)
a
I wish I had a Rolls Royce.
b
If only I could get a job.
c
If only I could get to sleep. I wish it
were morning. d We should have
booked some
rooms.
e
I wish I'd bought some petrol. f I wish she'd stop playing, (the cat
speaking!)
4 Making excuses Exercise
1
a
If I hadn't had the shellfish, I
wouldn't have been ill. b I would
have phoned you if I'd had
the time. c If I'd known the
jumper was so
expensive, I wouldn't have bought
it. d I wouldn't have believed it
if I
hadn't seen it with my own eyes.
Exercise 2
a
If I'd known your address, I'd have
sent you a postcard. b If I'd
known when your birthday
was, I'd have bought you a
present. c If I'd set my alarm clock, I wouldn't
be late/have been late. d If I
hadn't been taking my wife to
hospital, I wouldn't have broken
the
speed limit.
5
May's disastrous day
Exercise
1
a
... she'd set her alarm clock.
b
... she hadn't been late again.
c
... she wouldn't have locked herself
in the toilet and she wouldn't
have
forgotten to meet Ben for lunch.
d ... he wouldn't have ended their
relationship. e ... she wouldn't
have lost a contact
lens.
f
... she hadn't lost a contact lens. g ... she wouldn't have had to
wait at
the bus stop in the pouring
rain/...
she wouldn't have got so wet. h
... she hadn't waited at the bus stop
in the pouring rain/ ... she
hadn't
got so wet. i ... she hadn't
forgotten to meet him
three times. j ... it wouldn't
have eaten the
budgie.
Exercise 2
M Well, if you hadn't ended
our relationship. I wouldn't have forgotten to feed the cat and then
it wouldn't have eaten the budgie.
M Well, that was Ms Collins'
fault. If she hadn't cancelled mv business trip. I wouldn't have
been upset and
locked myself in the toilet
and I wouldn't have forgotten to meet you for lunch.
B Ah! Now I understand
everything. If you'd remembered to set your alarm clock, you
wouldn't have overslept and you wouldn't have been late for work and
Ms Collins wouldn't have cancelled your business trip and you
wouldn't have been upset and forgotten our date.
6
Revision of all conditionals
a
If I still feel sick. I won't go ... b If you sold them, you'd
make ... c If I see her. I'll tell her... d If Alice hadn't gone
... she wouldn't
have met... e 'If she
didn't love him, she wouldn't
have married him.' f If
you buy .... you get one free. g A What would you do if you saw a
ghost?
B I'd run a mile. h If we had
brought.... we would
know... i If you hadn't
had ..., the house
would have burnt down. j
If I were you, I'd apologize. k If he eats
cheese, he gets ... 1 If you listened .... you would have
heard ... wouldn't be
stuck here.
7 Words other than if
Exercise 1
a Supposing e Were b in case
f as long as c unless g Had d Providing h Should
Exercise 2
a
I won't come unless they invite me. b Supposing he left you, what
would
you do? c I'll join the tennis
club provided
that you do/join too. d We're
going to install a smoke
alarm in case there is a fire. e
She won't get the job unless she
learns to speak French. f Imagine
the lifeguard hadn't been
there, what would have happened?
g I won't go out this evening in case
Paul rings. h I'll come at 8.00
as long as that's all
right with you.
8
Poor rich Mr Briggs
a
wish b provided c unless d would e should f only g if h case i even j
would k been 1 be m hadn't n would o hadn't
9
Physical appearance or personality?
Exercise
1
Physical appearance: curly
spotty skinny freckled wrinkled bald well-built graceful bespectacled
agile chubby smart
Personality: brainy nosy
cheeky moody two-faced absent-minded narrow-minded quick-tempered
affectionate hard-hearted big-headed smart
Exercise
2
to
arm a country against the threat of
war to back out of an
agreement/the car
out of the garage to elbow
someone out of the way to eye someone with suspicion to finger the
material gently to foot the bill for the meal to hand out the books
to the class to head the ball into the net to shoulder the
responsibility/blame to thumb through a book quickly to toe the line
in a job or organization
Exercise 3
a.
handed g were armed b elbow h toe c thumbed i
fingering d eyed j have backed e was footing k shoulder f
headed
10
Nouns from phrasal verbs
a
breakdown g outlook b comeback h outbreak c hangover i
breakthrough d check-up j feedback e outcome k takeaway f
by-pass 1 downfall
11
Ways of pronouncing -ea-
Exercises 1 and 2 lei
bread: breath breadth deaf
thread death breast leapt
lead (n) health heaven jealous
meant weapon 1'r.l
meat: scream breathe cease
cheat heal beast leap lead (v)
reason lisl fear:
dear tear (n) spear
clear beard gear theatre
weary /es/ wear: tear(v)
bear pear
swear
/ei/ break: steak great
ls:l learn: yearn earth pearl
hearse search
Unit 12
1
Adding information before
and
after a noun Exercise 1
a
There's a woman wearing a hat
pushing a pram. b I can see a boy
being chased by a
dog. c A man is sitting on a
bench reading
a newspaper and eating a
sandwich. d There's a gardener with a cap on his
head cutting the grass. e A
family is sitting under a tree
having a picnic. f I can see an
ice-cream van with a
long queue. g There are some
children in rowing
boats on the lake. h Some men are
sitting fishing by the
side of the lake.
i
There's a boy on a hill flying a kite. j I can see a boy on a bike
riding past
the lake.
Exercise
2
a
lawn mower f ice-cream van b litterbin g rowing boat c
tennis racquet h fishing rod d goalposts i mountain bike e
wheelbarrow j rollerblades
Exercise 3
a
I'm going on a two-week adventure
holiday driving through the
Sahara
Desert. b The judge gave her a
five-year
prison sentence for kidnapping a
millionaire's son. c She's going
to do a three-year
course in modern languages at
Oxford University. d Mercedes
have brought out a new
two-door sports car with a top
speed of 150 miles per hour.
2 Articles Exercise 1
a a b the c the d a e (nothing),
a, the f the g a, (nothing) h the, (nothing) i a. The, (nothing), the
Exercise 2
a
An b the c a da
e
(nothing) f an g a h the
i
the j a/the k The la m the
n
the o (nothing) p the q the
r
(nothing) s his t The
u
(nothing) v an w (nothing)
x
(nothing) y the z A
3
Determiners
a
All none i Each
b
either both j either both
c
both neither k Neither
d
every 1 Either
e
each m both either
f
each n No
g
no every o Each
h
every
4
Demonstratives
a
These f that k that b This g this 1 this c That
h these m That d those i this n those e that j this
o that
5
Emphatic structures
b
The thing I don't understand is
where he gets his money from. c
What I like about her is her sense of
humour. d It's the dark winter
evenings I don't
like. e What those children need
is firm
guidance. f The thing I don't
like about Jenny is
the way she always has to know
best.
g
It isn't money I want, it's love. h What I can't stand about John is
the
fact that he never buys you a
drink. i The thing you have to remember
about Kathy is that she's
sincere. j It's the fact that I'm rich and he
isn't that makes him jealous.
6
Emphasis in speaking
a
I did do it.
b
I did it. Sorry
c
I knew John was coming.
d
I knew that ages ago.
e
I didn't tell her.
f
I didn't tell her.
g
I told you.
h
I like Annie.
i
I do like Annie. I think she's great.
j
I like her.
7
Word order
a
I was born in the middle of winter
in 1981. b She bought a new car
with the
money her father had left her in
his
will. c He walked with a limp,
because he
had hurt his leg playing
football. d I usually go shopping at Tesco's
because the prices are lower. e I
go shopping early on Saturday
morning, before everyone else
arrives. f I'm going to London
today to buy
a new coat for Jack. g You should
put your money in the
bank immediately. h Last year we
went to France on
holiday, but unfortunately the
weather was awful. i She tidied
up her flat quickly/She
quickly tidied up her flat,
because
her parents were coming to stay.
j I'll never understand why she loves
him so passionately.
8
The passive voice
a Many of van Gogh's most famous
paintings were completed in Aries in 1888, including Sunflowers.
Just two years later he shot himself at the age of 37.
During his lifetime, he only sold
one of his pictures. Today his art work is among the highest priced
in the world. In 1989 Irises was bought for $53.9 million.
b I've been invited to Buckingham
Palace to collect an award for a book I wrote a few years ago.
c Penicillin was discovered in
1929. Since then, it has saved many lives.
d Scientists working in America
have discovered a drug that prevents the common cold. The drug will
now be produced commercially, and it should be available soon.
9
Combining nouns
a
the back of the chair
b
the cat's milk
c
toilet paper
d
my parents' advice
e
a bottle of wine
f
road sign
g
wine bottles
h
The Prime Minister's duties/The
duties of the Prime Minister i
The heel of my shoe j your hair brush k the end of the film 1 today's
news m Underground station n my parents' wedding anniversary o The
company's success/The success
of the company
p a fortnight's holiday q The
government's economic
policy/The economic policy of the
government r the local state
school s The annual rate of inflation t coffee cups u cup of coffee
10
Hot verbs set and break
Exercise
1
set off on a journey a bone in
plaster fire to sth your alarm clock a good example a new world
record your heart on doing . sth
break a bone skiing the
sound barrier the law the old world record a promise someone's heart
the speed limit
Exercise 2
a
Teachers should set a good example
to
...
b
You're breaking the speed limit. c I'll set the alarm clock for .,. d
It broke his heart... e I set fire to the kitchen. f ... is breaking
the law. g ... do we need to set off? h He's broken the old world
record ... i She's set a new world record. j I broke my arm ... the
doctor set
my arm in plaster ... k You
should never break a promise.
I
... it breaks the sound barrier ... m We've set our hearts on moving
...
II
Noun + prepositions
a
out of b in c on, by d for e in f between g for h to i about/on j
with k to 1 of m on n to o in
12
Nouns and verbs
Exercise
1
Noun
Verb
advice
/sdvais/ to advise /sdvaiz/ use /ju:s/ to use /ju:z/ abuse
/sbju:s/ to abuse /sbju:z/ belief /bili:f/ to believe
/brii:v/ relief /nli:f/ to relieve /nli:v/ grief /gri:f/
to grieve /gri:v/ excuse /ikskju:s/ to excuse /ikskju:z/ breath
/bre6/ to breathe /bri:S/ half /ha:f/ to halve /ha:v/
house /haus/ to house /hauz/ safe /serf/ to save /seiv/
bath /ba:9/ to bathe /bei8/
Exercise 2
a
belief g half half
b
breath h use
c
safe i being housed
d
abuse j excuse
e
bathing k grieve
f
relief 1 advice
Unit 2
1
Present Perfect simple or
continuous?
Exercise 1
a
I've written to Auntie Fay to wish
her a happy birthday.
I've been writing my essay all
morning. b I've lost my car keys.
I've been losing weight recently.
c
They've missed the train.
They've been missing you lots, so
come home soon. d She's been
talking on the phone for
ages.
She's talked about this subject
before. e Paula's been leaving
work late all
this week.
Paula's left work early today to
meet her uncle. f The cat's been
going next door to
have its dinner.
The cat's gone upstairs. g He's
had a heart attack.
He's been having second thoughts
about accepting the job. h I've
been saving up to buy a new
stereo.
I've saved up about Ј200.
1
I've been swimming which is why
my hair is wet.
I've swum twenty lengths today. j
I've been finding it difficult to
concentrate recently.
I've found my cheque book at
last.
Exercise 2
a
's been snowing
b
have you travelled
c
have lived 've been trying
haven't managed d have been
arguing e 've eaten
f have been running g 's been
crying 's failed h 've been sunbathing
2
Present Perfect/Past Simple
a
Which school did he go to? b How long has he known Julian?
Since he was 11 years old. c How
long has he been married to
Maria? d What did he do/was he
doing in
Argentina?
He taught/was teaching English. e
When did he return to England?
After his son was born. f How
many times did he work as a
sales representative? g Where did
he move to after
Caroline was bom? h How long has
he been selling
clothes?
Since he was fifty-five years
old. i Has Paul had a successful career?
No, he hasn't, because he's now
selling clothes at Peckham
market.
3 World's highest dustman
Exercise 1
a
lives g has found b has already h came
made i has collected c
aims/'s aiming j has been d was working preparing e heard
k 's training f was looking 1 succeeds
Exercise 2
a
'm beginning m try/'m trying/ b 'vedone 've been trying c
feel n 's snowed/ d 've been 's been snowing
learning/ o are sunbathing/
've learned have been e
isn't/hasn't sunbathing
been p are checking/ f
've slept/'ve have been
been sleeping checking g 're
staying q mentioned h dream r are thinking/ i haven't
seen were thinking j feels s get k 've been telling/
t make
tell u get up 1 's
been/is v to be lying
4
Present Perfect passive
a
A yachtsman has been rescued in
the Pacific. b Valuable jewels
have been stolen
from Harrods. c The missing boy
has been found
alive. d MPs have been given a
huge pay
rise. e Ten people have been
killed by a
tornado in Texas. f An ancient
tomb has been
discovered in Egypt. g 2,000
people have been made
redundant at British Aerospace. h
A cure has been discovered for
teenage acne.
5
have something done
Exercise 1
a
I had one hundred copies of my
report printed.
b
She wants to have her ears pierced. c I'm going to have my eyes
tested. d They've had their leaking roof
fixed. e We haven't had the
photocopier
mended yet.
Exercise 2 (Sample
answers)
They've
had the cake decorated.
She's
having her hair done.
She's
had the wedding dress made.
She's
having her nails manicured.
They've
had the invitations printed.
They're
having the photographs taken.
They
had the champagne delivered.
She's
having the bouquets delivered.
He
had his hair cut.
He's
having his feet massaged.
He
had his suit fitted.
They'll
be having the photographs
developed.
He
had his shirt pressed.
She'll
be having her wedding dress
dry-cleaned.
6
Transport
Exercise
1
1
= Car; 2 = Bus; 3 = Train; 4 = Plane;
5
= Bicycle; 6 = Ferry
123456 get into/ ^ out
of_________________
geton/•
• • • • pit___________________
take
off/ ^
land___________________
ride______________•___
drive
________
catch/miss
^ \/ >/____f/
board___________•___
overtake
_____•___
park______________
Exercise 2 car: traffic
lights one-way street
joyrider tyres trailer slip-road
spare tyre service station lay-by
seat-belt horn tunnel
traffic jam bus: traffic
lights tunnel tyres
timetable spare tyre lay-by
horn traffic jam season ticket
ticket collector train:
carriage tunnel ticket
collector platform timetable
track porter coach
season ticket plane:
runway check-in desk
trolley tyres seat-belt cargo
hand luggage Customs cabin
life jacket bicycle:
handlebars tyres crash
helmet traffic lights
one-way street ferry: deck
life jacket gangway
jetty port horn cargo cabin
Customs
Exercise 3
a
OVERTAKE
b
CARAVAN
c
RUNWAY
d
GANGWAY
e
SLIP ROAD
f
PORTER
g
CARGO
h
SERVICE STATION
i
TUNNEL
j
HANDLEBARS
k
ROUND TRIP
1
TRAFFIC JAM
m
CUSTOMS
n
CHECK-IN DESK
Mystery
word: TRANSPORTATION
7
Prepositions of movement
a
above/over/behind n in b out of o off c along/down/up p
over d out of/through q across e along/down/up r towards f
over s to g to t through h on/onto
u on i round v by/beside j along/up/down w against k
past x past/by 1 into y over m beside/by/at
8 Word stress
Exercise
1
a explorer exploration b
Japan Japanese c optimist optimistic d industry
industrial e economy economics f politics politician g
origins original h opera operatic
Exercises 2 and 3
• • opera chocolates
business broadcast
•• Japan create abroad
hotel unique
• • • explorer
religion delicious destruction illegal develop
• • •
optimist industry politics
origins traveller backpacker privileged organize passenger caravan
photograph
•••
Japanese overtake
• • •
• exploration optimistic
economics politician operatic prehistoric
• • •
• industrial economy
original discovery inhabitant experiment photographer
Unit 3
1
Past Simple and Past Perfect
Exercise
1
a
fell i had cost
b
had fallen j cost
c
had felt/felt k flew
d
felt 1 had never flown
e
had had m caught
f
had n had caught
g
tore o had been
h
had torn p were
Exercise 2
•/: feel have
cost catch ^:fall tear fly be
2
Past Simple or Continuous?
a
played/was playing were winning
lost
b
was coughing/coughed didn't get c was playing hit made d wasn't
thinking had e picked gave made f was pruning heard appeared
stung g was snowing got up
were making put raced
3
Past Simple or Past Perfect?
a didn't find had given b rang
had just returned c had wanted did had come d had/had had burst/had
burst
broke/had broken left/had left e
went had been had had
decided f had been/was became
had earned gave g had eaten
didn't fit h came had done had made
4 Time expressions Exercise
1
a3
b4 c2 d5 el f9 g6 h 10 i 8 j 7 k 13 1 14 m 15 n 12 o 11
Exercise 2
a
Two years ago, while I was working
in Paris, my grandfather died. b
As soon as I had fed the cat I did
my homework. c First I had a
shower, then I got
dressed. d Since I was a child I
had always
wanted to go to Australia, and I
finally went last year. e As he
posted the letter he realized
he hadn't put a stamp on it. f By
the time he'd finished speaking,
most of the audience had fallen
asleep.
g
Once I'd told him the truth I felt
better. h Until I tried/had tried
waterskiing I
hadn't believed/didn't believe
how
difficult it would be.
5
Puss in Boots
Exercise 1
1 had been staying, had just
waved
2 were driving, was miaowing
3 crashed into
4 caught fire, arrived, pulled
them out
5 had raced back
6 leapt up, ran away, was
carrying
7 hadn't found
8 was lying awake, heard, woke,
had been dreaming
9 crept, the noise was coming
from, were bleeding, had found his way, had been walking
10 knitted, wore
Exercise 2
a
were driving n was lying awake b had been o had been
staying dreaming c had
just waved p heard d was miaowing q woke e crashed into r crept f
caught fire s the noise was g arrived coming from h
pulled them t had been
out walking i had
raced back u had found his j was carrying way k leapt up v
were bleeding 1 ran away w knitted m hadn't found x wore
Exercise 3
a
Who had Jim and Rita been staying
with?
b
Why was Whiskers miaowing? c What happened to their car? d What was
Rita doing when the car
exploded? e Why did Whiskers run
away?/Why
did Whiskers leap into the air? f
What had Rita been dreaming
about? g How long had Whiskers
been
walking (for)? h Why did Rita
knit him some baby
bootees?
6
Active to passive
a
A medieval temple was discovered
underneath the new housing
estate. b The races were held indoors
because it was raining. c Our
house had been broken into
and all my jewellery had been
stolen. d The leisure centre had
been booked
for a children's party on
Saturday. e The dishwasher was being fixed so I
couldn't leave the house. f Our
hotel room still hadn't been
cleaned when we returned. g The
fish hadn't been cooked for
long enough. It was still raw! h
New traffic lights were being put up
at the crossroads.
7
Active and passive
Maudie
Walker
a
had just d was overcome
succeeded e suffered b was
smiling f died c waving
Major
Summerfield
a
had died g had just caught b was fighting h struck c was
struck i were paralysed d fell j was being e wasn't
badly buried
injured k shattered f was
fishing Rueben Tice
a
wasn't e exploded b was working f was hit c hadn't slept
g was killed d was putting/ h was covered
had been putting
8
The world of literature
Poetry: nursery rhyme
character ballad verse paperback hardback
Prose: plot chapter
autobiography character best-seller review science fiction novelist
critic blockbuster fairy tale hardback whodunnit paperback thriller
Drama:
plot act director
character backstage leading role
.science fiction script review blockbuster props scenery critic
rehearsal playwright whodunnit stalls thriller standing ovation
performance
9 Words commonly confused
1 a 're waiting for b is expected
c are looking forward to
2 a ground b floor c ground
3 a Actually b at the moment c
really
4 a alone lonely b lone
5 a nervous b embarrassed c
ashamed
6 a was usually taken b
brought/brings c fetch
7 a Have you seen b were watching
c Look at
10
Phrasal verbs type 1
Exercise
1
show
off-boast turnup-arrive find out - discover own up - admit doze
off- fall responsibility
asleep cheer up - be
hold on - wait happier speak up - talk go out - stop
louder burning set off
- begin a shut up-be quiet
journey stay in - not go
blow up - explode out, stay at home settle down - have
a calmer, more
stable life
Exercise
2
a owns up i dozed off b
went out j find out c '11 turn up k Shut up d set off
1 Hold on e Cheer up m Speak up f showing off ' n blew up g
stay in h settled down
11 Diphthongs Exercise 1
a /pei/ e /dis/ b
/rait/ f /boi/ c /faun/ g /tus/ d /round/
h /fea/
Exercise 2
a near e page b care
f join c throw g town d flight h fewer
Exercise 3
1'v.l (2) /ei/ (1 )
/u:/(4) /so/(3)
/3:/(5) /3:/(6) /3:/(8) /I8/(7)
/s:/
(10) /a:/ (9)
/au/(ll)
/so/(12)
/u:/
(13) /so/ (14)
/u:z/(17)
/suz/(15) /aus/(16)
/u:z/(19)
/u:s/(18)
/cm/(22)
/u:m/(21) /sum/(20)
/ol/(23)
/sul/(24) /Am/(26)
/somf (25) ls\l
(27) (28) /ei/(29) /e/(30) /u/ (33) /u:/(32) /a/ (31) /ud/ (35)
/sold/ (34) /su/(38) /a/(36) /o/(37)
Unit 4
1
Countable or uncountable?
a
luggage f unemployment b food g accommodation c cash
h health d corn i music e fruit j traffic
2
some or any?
a
any d some any b some/any any e any any c Some any f
some some
3
much or many?
a
Is there much work ...? b I didn't spend much time .'.. c Did they do
much research ...? d They couldn't give me much
information ... e There is too
much traffic ... f I didn't have too many problems...
4
The canteen
Exercise
1 (Sample answers) a There are lots of cheese sandwiches. b There
are a few ham sandwiches. c There's a huge amount of spaghetti. d
There's only a little rice and
vegetable curry. e There are a
few hamburgers. f There are no chips. g There's hardly any fruit
salad.
h
There are a couple of bananas. i There aren't many doughnuts. j
There's hardly any apple juice.
Exercise 2
a
's lots f are a few b a few g 's only a little
c 's only a little h 've got a couple d aren't any (left) i a
little e a little j lots
5
very little, a little, very few, a few, fewer, less
a
a few chips
b
a little whisky
c
Children have less respect for their
teachers than they used to. d
very few e a little Swedish f Fewer people . g Very few people h a
few years
i There's very little I can do
... j a few of them
6 From riches to rags Exercise
1
a
many k all b hardly any/ 1 a large number
very little m very little/ c
a few hardly any d a huge amount n fewer e no o
less f few p none g nobody q a lot h much
r a couple i most s anything j several t Something
Exercise 2
a
Fred has no relatives. b Fred didn't talk to anyone about his
grief. c People were friendly to
Fred
because he had a lot of money. d
He invested a lot/a huge amount of
his money. e Fred had a little
money left when
Barings went bankrupt. f Nobody
helped Fred when he ran
out of money. g Fred has made a
couple of real
friends. h Fred has learned a lot
from his
experience.
7
something,
anybody,
everyone,
nowhere...
Exercise 1
a
somewhere h anywhere b anyone i someone c everywhere j
something
anywhere anything d
anything k anyone e everything 1 Everyone/ f nothing
Everybody g nobody/no one
Exercise 2
a
He told the police that he knew
nothing.
He didn't tell the police
anything. b I think they live somewhere in
London.
I don't mind. I'll live anywhere
in
London.
c
Anybody can cook. It's easy.
Nobody phoned you. Sorry. d I've
searched everywhere.
I can't find it anywhere. e I
thought I'd know somebody at the
party.
I didn't know anyone at the
party. f My parents never took me
anywhere when I was a kid.
My parents took me everywhere
when I was young. g Jane always
got everything she
wanted.
Jane didn't have anything to
wear. h I've already had something to eat.
I've had nothing to eat.
8
all or every?
a
everything b Everything c All d Every e All f All g All h all the i
everything j all k Every
9 A piece of cake! Exercise
1
a
jar of honey a can of beer/soup/
Coke
a slice of bread/cake
a
tube of toothpaste a piece of cake/
paper/bread
a loaf of bread
a
bottle of beer/Coke a bar of
soap/chocolate
a box of chocolates
a
tin of soup a sheet of paper
Exercise 2
a
a piece/slice f slice of bread
of cake g many cans/ b a
tin/can of bottles of beer
soup h bar of soap c
sheets of paper i a jar of special d a box of apple blossom
chocolates honey, e bar of
chocolate
10
Prepositions and nouns
Exercise
1
A
above/below/on
average on foot
under
arrest over/under Ј500
above/below/over/under
75%
above/below
freezing
over/under
18 years old
under
new management
on
holiday under pressure
on
business
B
at/by
midnight during/in the night
by/on
New Year's Day
by/during/in
the winter
by/on
Friday afternoon
at/by/during
the weekend
in/on
time in a fortnight's time
during/in
the rush hour in his forties
Exercise 2
a
over b in c on d at e on f on g By h On i at j during/ in k below 1
under m in n by o in
11
Sentence stress
a Well, I know he earns a lot
more
• than me.
b What do you mean? He's already
bought a brand new one.
c
Didn't you know that all of Frank's
clothes are designer labels? d He
has loads of them.
e No, in fact he's in Florida on
• holiday.
• • f Really?
The girl I saw him with had
• • short, brown
hair.
12
Phonetics
Exercises 1 and 2
Fruit: 'grapefruit pear
'pineapple 'cherry 'melon 'orange plum 'strawberry 'raspberry
avo'cado 'mango
Vegetables: 'carrot
'cauliflower pea po'tato 'cabbage leek cour'gette 'parsnip 'cucumber
'sweetcorn 'spinach 'onion
Unit 5
1
Question tags
a
You're going to work harder from
now on, aren't you? b I'll see
you next week, won't I? c Kate's leaving soon, isn't she? d You'll
ring when you get there,
won't you? e Our plane takes off
at 4 p.m.,
doesn't it? f The decorators will
have finished by
next week, won't they? g You
aren't getting married next
week, are you? h We won't need
tickets to get in, will
we?
1
We'll be millionaires one day, won't
we? j Max won't be coming, will
he?
2
will or going to?
a A 'm going to B '11 b A are
going to B '11 c A 'm going to '11 B '11 d A 's going to/will B '11 e
A 'm not going to B '11 f A '11 B 'm going to '11 g A 'm going to B
'11 '11 h A 're going to/'ll B '11
3
What does John say?
a.
I'll buy her a present.
b
I'm going to study hard ...
c
I'm seeing/going to see ...
d
I think Manchester United will/are
going to win on Saturday. e I'm
sorry. I'm going to be late. f My sister is going to have/having a
baby next March. g My plane takes
off at 7.30 a.m.
from London, Heathrow. h I'll be
lying on a beach in Spain this
time next week.
4
Future Cont. or Perfect?
a
I'll have become ...
b
I'll be running my own ,..
c
I'll have moved to California.
d
I'll be living in a mansion ...
e
I'll have joined a ...
f
I'll have married a ...
g I'll be earning over ... h I'll
have given up smoking.
5
A Hollywood interview Exercise
1
a
are getting h will arrive b will have i are coming
exchanged j won't be c '11
make coming d are going to k are going to
tell have e are
having 1 doesn't start f will you be m will be arriving
inviting n leaves g are
coming o '11 be
Exercise 2
a
will be e will be working
expecting f will be worried/
b '11 own worrying c will have fallen g won't have
out remembered/ d
will be having/ won't remember
will have had h will want i
won't agree
6
Correcting mistakes
a A What are you doing
this weekend?
B • b A •
B Oh, no! What am I going to
do? c A Is it true that Rachel is getting married to ...
B • d A •
B Yuk! You'll have to wake me up.
I can never get up ... e A •
B ... You'll be getting ... f A •
B ... It'll only take a ... g A •
B ... We're going to stay/
're staying at home. h A
I'll ring you as soon as I arrive.
B •
7
Future time clauses
a
won't get eat sensibly.
b
're not moving to find/have found
c
'11 love/'re going to love meet
d
Are you going to learn 're
e
won't go to bed have
f
's going to be 've finished
g
don't do will you have to
h
will deal are
i
'11 feel have/have had
j
try/have tried '11 never use
8
Health
Exercise 1 (Sample
answers) a The nurse took the patient's
temperature. b The surgeon
performed a difficult
operation. c The accident victim
was carried on
a stretcher. d The toddler fell
over and grazed his
knee.
e
The teenager had spots on her face. f The pregnant woman felt faint
in
the smoky atmosphere. g The old
man had a heart attack.
h
The tennis player sprained her
wrist. i The racing driver was
lucky to
survive the crash. j The soldier
was wounded in the
attack.
k
The gardener was stung by a wasp. 1 The ferry passengers felt
sea-sick
during the crossing. m The
holidaymaker suffered from
sunburn.
Exercise 2
a
injured f allergic to b dislocated g a blister c
stitches h dizzy d pain i run down e a rash
j damages
9
Hot Verbs be and have
Exercise
1
be on the safe side in
touch with sb no point in doing sth off colour out of one's mind up
to date in charge of sb/sth on one's mind
have the nerve to do sth
sb round a word with sb a ball no chance of doing sth
Exercise 2
a
be a bit off g had the nerve
colour h to be on the b
'11 be in touch safe side c 're having Mel i have no chance
and Andy of
round j 'm in charge of d
's always on k having a ball
my mind 1 's no point in e
've been out m be up to date
of my mind f have a word
with you
10
Phrasal verbs types 2 and 3
a
talked it over g look after him b take after her h look into it c
sort it out i get over it d gone off her j work it out e call
it off k putting me f put them away down
11
Sounds and spelling
Exercise
1
a won't /au/ want /r>/
b walk h:/ work ly.l c wonder /a/ wander
lol d woman /u/ women /i/ e warm lo:l worm
/3:/ f word /3:/ ward Iv.l g wear leal
weary list h weight /ei/ weird /is/
Exercise 2
a
phone e weak h height b blood f lower i pear c love
g north j layer d through
Unit 6
1
General knowledge quiz
Ib
2a 3a 4c 5b 6a 7c 8b 9c 10 a
2
Defining or non-defining?
Exercise
1
aD bD cND dD eND f D g ND
h D i ND j ND
Exercise 2
a
... who could teach me ...
b
... that has four bedrooms.
c
... Romeo and Juliet, which is one of
the best films I've ever seen. d
... that sells second-hand furniture? e Marilyn Monroe, whose real
name
was Norma Jean Baker, died of an
overdose of barbiturates. f ...
who lose their temper ... g My computer, which I bought just
last year, is already out of
date. h I met a girl I went to school with. i Professor James
Williams, who is
considered to be the world's
expert
on butterflies, will... j I
bought a ham and pickle
sandwich, which I ate
immediately.
3
Punctuation and omitting the pronoun
a
The thing that I most regret is not
going to university. b My two
daughters, who are 16 and
13, are both interested in
dancing. c (no change) d (no change) e (no change) f Salt, whose
qualities have been
known since prehistoric times, is
used to season and preserve food.
g The CD -that I bought yesterday
doesn't work. h You know the book
-that you paid
Ј20 for? I just got it for
Ј5. i (no change) j Devon, where my mother's family
comes from, is famous ...
4
All relative pronouns Exercise 1
a
Have I told you recently how much I
love you? b I have to do what I
believe to be
right. c I love garlic in all my
food, which is
why I'm always brushing my teeth.
d We're emigrating to Australia,
where my brother lives. e I met a
girl whose hair came down
to her waist. f I passed all my
exams, which greatly
surprised my teachers. g Let me
know when you expect to
arrive. h Being generous, I'll
buy you
whatever you want.
Exercise 2
a who i where b that
j that c where k whose d which 1 (nothing) e
(nothing) m where f whose n which g which o
Whatever h (nothing)
5
Prepositions in relative clauses
a
This is the book I was telling you
about.
b
She's a friend I can always rely on. c That's the man the police were
looking for. d She recommended a
book by
Robert Palmer, who I'd never
heard
of. e The carpet which you paid
Ј500 for
has been reduced to Ј200. f
The Prime Minister, whose views I
agree with, gave a good speech. g
He spoke about the environment,
which I care deeply about. h
What's that music you're listening
to? i Her mother, who she looked
after
for many years, died last week. j
My daughter has started smoking,
which I disapprove of.
6
Participles as adjectives
a
screaming k boring
b
satisfied 1 tiring
c
disgusting m unexpected
d
confusing n disturbing
e
loaded o thrilling
f
exposed p relaxing
g
conceited q blocked
h
frightening r disappointed -
i
exhausting s well-behaved
j
disappointing t promising
7
Participle clauses Exercise 1
a People living ... b Letters
posted ... c The train standing ... d ... passengers trapped ... e
... litter dropped ... f ... house overlooking ...
Exercise 2
a finishing f knowing b
stolen g explaining c saying h Taking d Feeling
i directed e borrowed j studying
8
/ didn't know what to do
a
... what time to invite people.
b
... whether to invite Suzie or not.
c
... how to use e-mail.
d
... what drink to buy.
e
... how many people to invite.
9
Micro Mad Max
a
10 b 13 c 7 d 9 e 1 f 2 gl4 h4 ill j3 k5 16 m 12- n 8
10
a three-mile walk
a
a ten-pound g a ten-page letter
note h a three-year b a
four-week course
language course i a ten-year c a
three-hour sentence
drive j a five-star
hotel d a three-course k a 30-mile-an-
meal hour speed e a
two-week limit
holiday 1 a two-hundred-f
a two-hour year-old house
delay
11
People, places, and things
People:
obstinate cunning spoilt
aggressive arrogant easy-going
Places: breathtaking unspoilt
picturesque deserted overgrown
overcrowded Things:
automatic hand-made
accurate waterproof artificial
long-lasting
12
Similar words
a
illegible g truthful b unreadable h true c childish
i intolerant d childlike j intolerable e sensitive k
economic f sensible 1 economical
13
Adjective + preposition
a
of b with, for c for d of e of f with/in g from, to h about i to j of
k of 1 for m for n about o with
14
Silent consonants
Exercise 1 A
industry
computer continent recipe eccentric insect lamp hooligan stadium
forest citizen B
bomb
listen gadget honest receipt mortgage fasten heirloom whistle
straight fascinating sandwich exhausted
Exercise 2
a
scientific g climb b psychologist h grandfather c handsome
i campaign d research j Wednesday e Christmas k calm f
friendship 1 whisky
Unit 7
1
Basic verb patterns
a
I enjoy cooking. I find it very
creative. b I look forward to
seeing you again
soon. c You need to book if you
want to eat
at Guide's. d I finished
painting the bathroom
last night. e My dad promised to
buy me a
stereo if I passed my exams. f I
hope to see you again soon. g Anna chose to wear her black suede
skirt for the party. h What do
you feel like doing
tonight? i I can't afford to buy
anything. I'm
broke. j I can't stand waiting in
queues. It
really annoys me. k Beth helped
me do the washing-up.
1
What would you like to do tonight?
2
Using a dictionary Exercise 1
a
... they stopped to ask for ...
b
•
c
I stopped playing ...
d
The rain was so heavy ... to stop
the kitchen from flooding. e
... stopped me to ask why ... f ... the sun stopped
shining.
g
•
h
... stop his son from going to ...
Exercise 2 a •
b
I avoid travelling ...
c
Have you considered working ...
d
We expected him to arrive ...
e
•
f
I've arranged to collect...
g
•
h I can't help loving ... i I
offered to give ...
J • k •
1
I suggest we go to a restaurant... m I want you to come home early.
3
More complex verb patterns
Exercise
1 (Sample answers)
My
brother wants me to fix his bike.
Our
hosts would hate us to be late.
My
aunt would love me to visit her
more
often.
The
doctor warned his patient not to
work
so hard.
My
parents expect me to do well in my
exams.
The
guide advised the tourists to stay
close.
The
policeman told the driver to slow
down.
We
invited all our friends to come to a
party.
The
teacher made her class do the
exercise
again.
My
grandparents let us do what we
wanted.
I'd
like my son to take over my
business.
Exercise 2
a
I didn't expect to see Ben ... b We've been invited to dinner ... c I
need to have a hair-cut. d I'm looking forward to seeing you
in June. e I can't decide what to
have for
dessert.
f
The teacher let us go home early. g But she made us do ... h Do you
mind waiting for a minute? i I'd rather have tea. j I suggest we wait
before we ... k She offered to lend me some money. 1 He asked me not
to make a noise. m I apologized to my neighbours for
waking them.
4
-ing or infinitive?
a
to think getting
b
to lock falling
c
making to make
d
to buy meeting
e
to do asking
f
to play to rain
g
to speak painting
h
cooking to cook to pay
5
Adjectives, nouns, and prepositions
Exercise
1
a
impossible e delighted
b
nice f kind
c
safe g sorry
d
mean h interesting
Exercise 2
a
time to go e need to shout b way to skin f things to do c
idea to visit g money to pay d anyone to talk h nothing to wear
Exercise 3
a
for arriving g at remembering b by doing h of buying c about
going i for coming d without asking j like going e with having
k of being stung f for making
6
Forms of the infinitive
a
have forgotten g to disturb b to be selected h be working c to pay
i to have seen d to have met j to be e to be
recognized
dry-cleaned
k have told f to be having 1 to be handed
7
/don't want to
a7
b9 c6 d2 el flO g 4 h 3 i 5 j 8
8
The house that Jack built
a
to work i repaying b to pay j to give c leaving
k to celebrate d to do 1 doing e to lend m to build
f listening n living g working o being h to make
9
Verbs of perception
a
singing f waiting b slam g being built c cooking
h laughing d playing i eat
sunbathing j shoplifting e
pick rip take put
10
Compound nouns
a
blood test blood pressure
blood donor
b
campsite building site bomb-site c waterfall water-melon
water-skiing d greenhouse
greengrocer
green salad
e
nightclub nightmare night shift f briefcase suitcase bookcase g paper
bag plastic bag
shoulder-bag
h
rainbow raincoat raindrop i sunshine sunrise sunset j roadworks road
sign road rage k blackboard floorboard
notice-board
1
daylight daybreak day-dream m handshake handwriting
handbook
n
ice-cube iceberg ice-rink o birthday cake birthday present
birthday card
p
landscape landlady landslide q sports car sports centre
sports ground r address book
visitors' book
notebook
11
Phrasal verbs type 4
a
away from g up for b down on h away with c on with i
up with d up to j out with e down on k up against f
away with 1 in with
12 Weak and strong forms
Exercise 1
a
She isn't going to learn from this
experience, but he is. b I've
heard that you're thinking of
moving from London. Are
you? c They have dinner at seven, don't
they? d You'll be able to get a
ticket for me,
won't you? e Rye got no idea who
this letters
from. f Can't you
remember who Bill used
to work for? g I've been^ waiting
for you to come.
Where were you? h We'd
been looking forward to
coming for ages, then at the last
minute we weren't able to.
i Won't you sit down for a couple of
minutes?
Exercise 2
A
What are you doing at the
weekend? A We're going to
Scotland. Do you
want to come too? A We've decided
to camp. None of us
can afford to pay for a hotel. A
No we won't. We've got strong
tents, lots of warm clothes, and
thick sleeping bags. A Of course
we have, and it's pretty
warm for October. A Excellent.
I'll tell the others. They'll
be delighted. We'll pick you up
at
six on Friday. See you then.
Goodbye.
Unit
8
1
How certain?
a
•• b • c •• d •• e • f
•• g • h •• i • j ••
k •• 1 ••
2
Present probability
a
She must be missing her boyfriend.
b
It'll be Tom.
c
She can't still be sleeping.
d
They should be in the top drawer.
e
They could be having a party.
f
He must have a deadline to meet.
g
It might be difficult driving to
work. h She may be hiding in the
wardrobe.
3
Past probability Exercise
1
a
She must have got engaged to Andy. b He can't have cut it for
ages. c They must have been doing
something naughty. d She must
have been making a cake. e They can't/must/might have gone
without me.
f
He can't have had a party last night. g They should have arrived home
by
now. h She might have mislaid my
number.
Exercise 2
a
It must have been blown down by
the wind. b They must have been
washed with
something red.
c
It can't have been mended properly. d It can't have been given enough
to
eat. e They can't have been
watered for a
long time. f It must have been
shattered by a
stone.
Exercise 3 (Sample
answers) If I go to India I can see the Taj Mahal.
If
I go to India I will see.... If I go to India I might see ... If I go
to India I may see ... If I went to India I would see ... If I went
to India I might see ... If I went to India I could see ... If I'd
gone ... I might have seen ... If I'd gone ... I would have seen ...
If I'd gone ... I could have seen ...
4
Deductions about the present and past
a must be making b could have
used might have
climbed up c would have been d
may have been joking can't have
spent must have misheard e should
be touching down
must be will already have landed.
f could be snowing can snow
5
Meaning check
a
ability g sure
b
permission h possibility
c
permission i gave ...
d
advice not necessary
e
asking j ought
f
manage
6
Which modals fit? Exercise 1
a
should/ought to
b
Can/Could/May/Might
c
must/have to/should
d
can
e
will/could/may/might/should/
ought to f can g have to h
could/may/might/should/
ought to/must i
can/could/may/should/ought to/
must/have to j must/have to
Exercise 2
a
shouldn't f was able to b don't have to g should have c
couldn't gone d won't h mustn't e cannot
7
Obligation and permission
Exercise
1
1
will not marry 5 may not visit
2 can only keep 6 cannot ride
3 should 7 shall sweep
command 8 will dress
4 must be at must be
home
9 may not travel
Exercise 2
a
had to couldn't
b
had to weren't allowed to/couldn't
c
didn't have to was also allowed
couldn't/weren't allowed to d
weren't allowed to/couldn't e were forbidden to/weren't allowed
to/couldn't f had to weren't
allowed to/couldn't
8
Present to past
a
I had to take ... b They must have been away ... c We couldn't see
the top ... d He can't/couldn't have been ... e We weren't allowed
to/were
forbidden to/couldn't... f He
wouldn't go to bed. g That would have been John ... h You should have
been more careful. i You didn't have to do this exercise.
9
Positive to negative
a You mustn't stop here. b We
didn't have to learn ... c They didn't have to take ... d He can't be
speaking Swedish. e We didn't have to wear ... f You won't have to
help me ...
10 need and needn't
have Exercise 1
aV
bM cV dV eV fM g M h V i V j M
Exercise 2
a
mustn't f didn't need to b needn't/ take/didn't
have
don't have to to take c have
to/need to g got to d don't need to/ h needn't have
don't have to bought e
needn't have
woken
11
Words that go together
a
C bA cD dB eD fC gB hA iC jA kB ID m C n D
12 A word puzzle
1 OSCAR
2 PREMIERE
3 GLAMOROUS
4 JETSETTER
5 FANCLUB
6 AUTOGRAPH
7 SOCIALITE
8 PENTHOUSE
9 LIMOUSINE
10
MODEL
11
ARISTOCRAT
Mystery
word: CELEBRITIES
13
Verb + preposition
a
for b about/for/at c of d from e in f to g in h in i to/with j to,
about
14
Consonant clusters and
connected
speech Exercise 1
a
doesn't i thrilled b shouldn't j marvellous c mustn't
k excitement d muscles 1 sixth e crashed m
impressed f distinctly n length g special o comfortable
h grumbled
Exercise 2
a The car windscreen's smashed. b
My uncle's sprained his ankle. c This cream doesn't taste fresh. d
You don't have to scream. e These white jeans must have
shrunk. f She arrived dressed in
the latest
fashion.
g
He doesn't know his own strength. h He can't have fixed it properly.
Unit 9
1
Negative auxiliaries
a
don't e isn't h doesn't b didn't f won't/ i hadn't c
haven't isn't j hasn't d aren't g 'm not
2
no, not, -n't, or none?
a
not b n't c not d not e no f Not g none h no i n't j not k Not 1 none
m No n no o None p Not
3 Making sentences mean the
opposite (Sample answers) a None of the students passed the
exam, so their teacher was
furious/disappointed. b Tom was
an unsuccessful
businessman who achieved very
little in his life. c Our house
is easy to find. No one
ever gets lost. d We had a
terrible time in Venice. - .
There were too many people there.
e You mustn't exercise your ankle. Try
not to move it at all. f I don't
have to iron my shirt. I'm
not going out tonight. g You
don't need to/needn't come
with me. I'll go on my own. h I
wasn't in a hurry because I didn't
need to go to the shops. i You
ought not to have given the dog
anything to eat. j I told you not
to go to work. Why
aren't you in bed?
4
/ don't think you're right
a.
I don't suppose you've got... b The machine doesn't seem to be
working.
c
I didn't think it was going to rain. d They don't want their daughter
to
marry a footballer. e I didn't
expect to see you ... f I don't suppose you've seen ... g I don't
think I'd like snails. h I don't expect you remember me.
i
She doesn't seem to like her job. j I don't believe she got grade A
...
5
Buzz Aldrin
a
When did man first walk on the
moon?
b
Who went first? c How long has Buzz Aldrin been
travelling the world? d Where was
he born? e Which military academy did he
graduate from?
f Where did he serve as a pilot?
g When was he chosen as an
astronaut? h When was Apollo 11
launched to
the moon?
i
How long did the mission last? j What happened to Buzz when he
returned?
k
What did he suffer from? 1 How many children did he have
from his first marriage? m How
many times has he been
married?
n
Who saved him from self-destruction? o Who do they live with? p How
many cars do they have? q What sort of books has he written? r When
was Encounter with Tiber
published? s What does he do with
himself these
days?
6
Dialogues
a
Who made that mess ...?
What were you doing?
When are you going to tidy it up?
b What was it like?
Who did you talk to?
Whatabout?
What went wrong?
What about? c What for/Why?
Who was he attacked by/Who by?
What was he doing/Where was he
when
...?
How is he?
Which hospital was he taken to?
How long is he going to be in
hospital?
7
Questions and prepositions
Exercise
1
a
by b to c at d on e for f in g about h of i from j with
Exercise 2
a
Whatabout? e Who for? b Where to? f Who to? c Whatabout? g
What with? d How long for?
8
How... 7 and What... like?
a
What's he like?
b
How was school today?
c
What was the food like?
d
How was your journey?
e
What's the weather like?
f
How is/was she?
g
What's it like?
h
How's your job these days?
9
Negative questions
a2
bl c3 d4 e5 f6 g 8 h 7 .i 9 j 10 k 12 1 11
10
Antonyms and synonyms A B
unkind
cruel dishonest deceitful incredible
unbelievable disappear vanish unfair biased
displeased annoyed discontinue halt unfasten
undo abnormal exceptional unemployed redundant
unfriendly hostile distrust suspect unprofessional
amateur unknown anonymous discover/uncover reveal
unsafe hazardous abuse/misuse damage improbable
unlikely unimportant trivial unemotional reserved
11
Hot Verbs keep and /ose Exercise 1
keep
calm a promise going
in touch with sb sb company
your nerve a secret sb waiting
your temper fit lose
weight your way your nerve
your temper
Exercise 2
a
keep in touch e lost my nerve b lost my temper f keep fit c keep
going g Keep calm d keep a secret h lost my way
12
Phrasal verbs and nouns
that go together Exercise
1
come
up with a new idea, a plan beat up an old man, a victim of
a
crime break into a house,
a flat, to steal
something break off a
relationship, an
engagement
bring
out a new product on the market bring up children to be
honest and
hard-working clear out a
cupboard and throw out
what you don't want count on
your best friend to help you deal with a problem, a complaint,
a
difficult customer drop out of
a university course after
one year fit in with the
other people in the
group
look
up to someone you respect point out a fact that someone
might
not be aware of take back
what I said -1 didn't mean
it tell off a naughty
child
Exercise 2
a
clear out h come up with b are bringing out i told Tom off c
broke into j deal with d beat him up k fit in with
e
looked up to 1 drop out of f I take it all back. m count on g
I'll point him out n brought me up
13
Intonation in question tags Exercise 1
a
aren't you? V g aren't I? V b wasn't it? V h have you? A c could
you? A i isn't it? V d isn't he? V j weren't we? V e isn't it?
V k would you? A f has he? A 1 had we? V
Exercise 2
a
You like that car, don't you? V b Vanessa, you're going to Rome next
week, aren't you? A c That was
awful, wasn't it? V d You haven't borrowed my new coat
again, have you? A e You couldn't
water my plants while
I'm away, could you? A
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